The use of commercial off-the-shelf game controllers is common for remote-controlled vehicles such as unmanned aerial vehicles or bomb disposal robots, whilst the United States Navy uses Xbox 360 controllers to control periscopes in Virginia-class submarines. The University of Washington's Applied Physics Laboratory assisted with the control design on the Cyclops 1 using a Sony-brand Playstation 3 video game controller, which was carried over to Titan, substituting with the Logitech controller. Its steering controls consisted of a Logitech F710 wireless game controller with modified analogue sticks. Titan could move at up to 3 knots (5.6 km/h 3.5 mph) using four electric thrusters, arrayed two horizontal and two vertical. A modified Logitech F710 wireless game controller was used to steer Titan. Lloyd's Register, a ship classification society, declined OceanGate's request to class the vessel in 2019. OceanGate had initially not sought certification for Titan, arguing that excessive safety protocols hindered innovation. Boeing stated they have no records of any sale to Rush or to OceanGate. Rush told the Travel Weekly editor-in-chief that the carbon fibre had been sourced at a discount from Boeing because it was too old for use in the company's airplanes. In 2020, Rush said that the hull, originally designed to reach 4,000 m (13,000 ft) below sea level, had been downgraded to a depth rating of 3,000 m (9,800 ft) after demonstrating signs of cyclic fatigue. One of the titanium hemispherical end caps could be detached to provide the hatch and was fitted with a 380 mm-diameter (15 in) acrylic window. The entire pressure vessel consisted of two titanium hemispheres with matching titanium interface rings bonded to the 142 cm (56 in) internal diameter, 2.4-metre-long (7.9 ft) carbon fibre-wound cylinder. The 6.7-metre-long (22 ft), 10,432 kg (23,000 lb) vessel was constructed from carbon fibre and titanium. Main article: Titan (submersible) Schematics of the vesselįormerly known as Cyclops 2, Titan was a five-person submersible vessel operated by OceanGate Inc. OceanGate executives, including Rush, had not sought certification for Titan, arguing that excessive safety protocols and regulations hindered innovation. Numerous industry experts had raised concerns about the safety of the vessel. Support was provided by aircraft from the Royal Canadian Air Force and United States Air National Guard, a Royal Canadian Navy ship, as well as several commercial and research vessels and ROVs. The search and rescue operation was conducted by an international team led by the United States Coast Guard (USCG), USN, and Canadian Coast Guard. The search area was informed by the United States Navy's (USN) sonar detection of an acoustic signature consistent with an implosion around the time communications with the submersible ceased, suggesting the pressure hull had imploded while Titan was descending, resulting in the instantaneous deaths of all five occupants. After the submersible had been missing for four days, a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) discovered a debris field containing parts of Titan, about 500 metres (1,600 ft) from the bow of the Titanic. Authorities were alerted when it failed to resurface at the scheduled time later that day. On board the submersible were Stockton Rush, the American CEO of OceanGate Paul-Henri Nargeolet, a French deep-sea explorer and Titanic expert Hamish Harding, a British businessman Shahzada Dawood, a Pakistani-British businessman and Dawood's son Suleman.Ĭommunication between Titan and its mother ship, Polar Prince, was lost 1 hour 45 minutes in to the dive. On 18 June 2023, Titan, a submersible operated by American tourism and expeditions company OceanGate, imploded during an expedition to view the wreck of the Titanic in the North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada. John's, Newfoundland (1), on 16 June 2023, and arrived at the dive site (2) on 17 June 2023, where Titan was deployed and began its descent the next day.
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